THE FLORA OF SAN ELIJO LAGOON
Compiled by: Susan Welker 1986
modified by O.K.Davis 11/01




MARCANTIALES Liverworts

Marcantiaceae  
† Marcantia sp. Liverwort



LYCOPSIDA

Isoetaceae  
† Isoetes howellii Howell's Quillwort
† Isoetes orcuttii Orcutt's Quillwort
Selaginellaceae  
## Selaginella cinerascens Spike moss, mossfern



SPHENOPSIDA Club Mosses

Equisetaceae Horestail
† Equisetum laevigatum Smooth scouring rush



FILICAE Ferns

Polypodiaceae 
† Adiantum capillus-veneris Southern maidenhair
Adiantum jordani California maidenhair
Polypodium californicum California polypody
 
Pteridaceae 
Pellea andromedaefolia var. andromedaefolia Coffee fern
Pentagramma triangularis var. triangularis Goldenback fern
Pentagramma triangularis var. maxonii Silverback fern
MARSILEALES - Marsilea
Marsiliaceae  
† Pilularia americana American pillwort
OPHIOGLOSSALES - Adder's Tongue
Ophioglossaceae  
† Ophioglossum californicum California adder's tongue
SALVINIALES - Salvinia
Salviniaceae  
† Azolla mexicana Azolla



GYMNOSPERMS - Cone-bearing plants

Pinaceae (Pines)  
Pinus torreyana Torrey Pine



ANGIOSPERMS Flowering Plants


Subclass Dicotyledons (alphabetically)

Adoxaceae (Adoxus)  
Sambucus mexicana Desert elderberry
 
Aizoaceae (Carpet weed)  
Carpobrotus aequila1erus Sea-fig
* C. edulis Hottentot-fig
* Gasoul crystallinum Crystal ice plant
* G. nodiflorum Little ice plant
Sesuvium verrucosum Western sea purslane
 
Anacardiaceae (Sumac)  
Malosoma laurina Laurel sumac
Rhus integrifolia Lemonade berry
* Schinus terebinthifolius Brazilian pepper-tree
* S. molle Peruvian pepper-tree
Toxicodendron radicans ssp. diversilobum Poison oak
 
Apiaceae (Carrot) Umbelliferae
* Apium graveolens Common celery
Caucalis microcarpa California hedge-parsley
* Conium maculatum Common poison-hemlock
* Foeniculum vulgare Sweet fennel
Hydrocotlye verticillata var. verticillata Whorled marsh-pennyworl
Lomatium lucidum Shiny lomatium
Sanicula crassicaulis var. crassicaulis Pacific sanicle
 
Asclepidaceae (Milkweed)  
Sarcostemma cynanchoides ssp. hartwegii Hartweg's milkvine
 
Asteraceae (Sunflower) Compositae
Achillea millefolium var. californica California yarrow
Acourtia microcephala Sacapellote
Ambrosia chamissonis Bather's delight
A. psilostachya var. californica Western ragweed
* Anthemis cotula Dog mayweed
Artemisia californica Coastal sagebrush
A. douglasiana Douglas mugwort
## A. palmeri San Diego sagewort
A. dracunculus Dragon sagewort
Aster exilis Slim aster
Baccharis glutinosa Mule fat
B. pilularis ssp. consanguinea Coyote brush
B. sarothroides Broom baccharis
Calycadenia tenella Southern calycadenia
* Centaurea melitensis Tocalote
Chaenactis glabriuscula var.tenuifolia San Diego pincushion
C. glabriuscula var. glabriuscula Yellow pincushion
* Chrysanthemum coronarium Garland chrysanthemum
Cirsium californicum California thistle
C. occidentale Cobweb thistle
## Coreopsis occidentale Sea-dahlia
## Corethrogyne plaginifolia var. incana San Diego sand-aster
C. filaginifolia var. linifolia Del Mar sand-aster
* Cotula coronopifolia Brass-buttons
Encelia californica California encelia
Erigeron foliosus var. stenophyllus  
Eriophyllum confertiflorum var. confertiflorum Golden yarrow
Filago arizonica Arizona filago
* F. gallica Narrow-leaf filago
Gnaphalium beneolens Fragrant everlasting
G. bicolor Bicolor cudweed
G. californicum Everlasting
* G. chilense  
G. microcephalum White everlasting
G. ramosissimum Pink everlasting
Grindelia robusta Big gumplant
Hazardia squarrosus ssp. grindelioides Sawtooth goldenbush
* Hedypnois cretica Crete hedypnois
Hemizonia fasciculata Fascicled tarweed
Heterotheca grandiflora Telegraph weed
Isocoma veneta var. vernonioides Coastal goldenbush
## Iva hayesiana San Diego marsh-elder
Jaumea carnosa Salty Susan
Lasthenia chrysostoma Common goldfields
L. coronaria Southern goldfields
## L. glabrata ssp. coulteri Coulter's salt-marsh daisy
Layia platyglossa ssp. campestris Tidy tips
Lepidospartum squamatus Scale-broom
Pluchea odorata var. odorata Salt-marsh fleabane
Senecio californicus California butterweed
Soldago occidentalis Western goldenrod
* Sonchus asper Sow-thistle
Stephanomeria exigua Small wreath-plant
S. virgata ssp. pleurocarpa Tall wreath-plant
Stylocline gnaphalioides Everlasting nest-straw
Tessaria sericea Desert arrow-weed
* Xanthium strumarium var. canadense Eastern cocklebur
 
Berberidaceae (Barbarry)  
Mahonia pinnata ssp. pinnata Shinyleaf mahonia
 
Boraginaceae (Borage)  
Amsinckia intermedia Rancher's fiddleneck
Cryptantha intermedia Nievita's cryptantha
C. micromeres Minute-flower Cryptantha
Harpagonella palmeri var. palmeri Palmer's grapplinghook
Heliotropium curassavicum var. oculatum Salt heliotrope
Pectocarya penicillata Winged pectocarya
Plagibothrys californicus var. californicus California popcornflower
 
Brassicaceae (Mustard) Cruciferae
* Brassica nigra Black mustard
* B. rapa ssp. sylvestris Field mustard
* Cakile maritima Sea-rocket
Cardamine californica Milkmaids
Cardaria draba Hoary cress
Erysimum capitatum Douglas' wallflower
Lepidum latipes Dwarf peppergrass
* Matthiola incana Common stock
* Raphanus sativus Wild radish
* Rorippa naturium-aquaticum Water-cress
* Sisymbrium orientale Hare's-ear cabbage
Streptanthus heterophyllus San Diego jewelflower
 
Buxaceae (Box)  
+ Simmondsia chinensis Jojoba
 
Cactaceae (Cactus)  
## Ferocactus viridescens Coast barrel cactus
Opuntia littoralis var. littoralis Prickly-pear
O. prolifera Coastal cholla
 
Capparaceae (Caper)  
Cleome isomeris Bladderpod
 
Caprifoliaceae (Honeysuckle)  
Lonicera subspicata var. denudata San Diego honeysuckle
 
Caryophyllaceae (Pink)  
Cardionema ramosissimum Tread lightly
* Silene gallica Common catchfly
S. laciniata ssp. major Southern pink
* Spergularia bocconii Buccone's sand-spurry
* S. marina Salt marsh sand-spurry
* S. villosa Sand-spurry
 
Chenopodiaceae (Goosefoot)  
* Atriplex patula ssp. hastate Fat hen
A. canescens ssp. canescens Shadscale
A. lentiformis ssp. breweri Brewer's saltbush
* A. semibaccata Australian saltbush
* Bassia hyssopifola Five-hook bassia
Chenopodium californicum California goosefoot
* C. multifidum Cut-leaf goosefoot
Salicornia europaea Slender glasswort
S. subterminalis Parish's glasswort
S. virginica Woody glasswort
* Salsola iberica Russian-thistle
Suaeda torreyana Torrey's sea-blite
 
Cistaceae (Rock rose)  
Helianthemum scoparium Rush rose
 
Convolvulaceae (Morning-glory)  
* Convolvulus arvensis Bindweed
Cressa truxillensis var. vallicola Alkali-weed
Cuscuta californica var. californica Witch's hair
C. salina var. salina Salty dodder
## Dichondra occidentalis Western Ponyfoot
 
Crassulaceae (Stonecrop)  
Crassula erecta  
Dudleya edulus Ladies-fingers
D. lanceolata Coastal dudleya
D. pulverulenta Chalk-lettuce
 
Cucurbitaceae (Gourd)  
Marah macrocarpus Wild cucumber
 
Ericaceae (Heath)  
## Arctostaphylos glandulosa ssp. crassifolia Del Mar manzanita
## Comarostaphylis diversifolia ssp. diversifolia Summer holly
Xylococcus bicolor Mission manzanita
 
Euphorbiaceae (Spurge)  
Croton californicus var. californicus  
Eremocarpus setigerus Doveweed
* Euphorbia peplus Petty spurge
* Ricinus communis Castor bean
 
Fabaceae (Pea) Leguminosae
* Acacia decurrens var. dealbata Green wattle
* A. longifolia Golden wattle
+ A. minuta  
Astragalus trichopodus ssp. leucopsis Ocean locoweed
* Cytisus monspessulanus French broom
Lathyrus laetiflorus ssp. alefeldii San Diego sweetpea
Lotus hamatus Grab lotus
## L. nuttallianus Nuttall's lotus
L. purshianus ssp. purshianus Spanish-clover
L. scoparius ssp. scoparius Coastal deer weed
L. strigosus var. strigosus Bishop's lotus
Lupinus bicolor ssp. microphyllus Dove lupine
L. succculentus Arroyo lupine
L. truncatus Collar lupine
* Melilotus albus White sweet clover
* M. indicus Indian sweet clover
* Vicia angustifolia Common vetch
 
Fagaceae (Beech)  
## Quercus dumosa Nuttall's scrub oak
 
Frankeniaceae (Frankenia)  
Frankenia salina Alkali-heath
 
Gentianaceae (Gentian)  
Centaurium venustum Canchalagua
 
Geraniaceae (Geranium)  
++ Erodium cicutarium * Filaree
* Geranium carolinianum Carolina geranium
 
Grossulariaceae (Currant)  
Ribes indecorum Winter currant
R. speciosum Fuchsia-flowered goosberry
 
Hydrophyllaceae (Waterleaf)  
Eriodictyon crassifolium  
Eucrypta chrysanthemifolia var. chrysanthemifolia  
Nemophila rotata  
Phacelia circutaria ssp. hispida Caterpillar phacelia
P. distans Wild-heliotrope
Pholistoma auritum Fiesta flower
P. racemosum  
 
Juglandaceae (Walnut)  
Juglans californica California walnut
 
Lamiaceae (Mint) Labiatae
* Marrubium vulgare Horehound
Salvia apiana White sage
S. clevelandii Cleveland sage
S. mellifera Black sage
Stachys rigida ssp. quercetoruin Hedge-nettle
 
Lythraceae (Loosestrife)  
Lythrum hyssopifolium Grass poly
 
Malvaceae (Mallow)  
+ Lavatera assurgentiflora ssp. assurgentiflora Malva rosa
Malacothamnus fasciculatus ssp. fasciculatus Mesa bushmallow
Malvella leprosa Alkali-mallow
Sidalcea malvaeflora ssp. sparsifolia Checker-bloom
 
Myoporaceae (Myoporun)  
* Myoporum laetum  
 
Myrtaceae (Myrtle)  
* Eucalyptus globulus Blue gum
 
Nyctaginaceae (Four-o'-clock)  
Abronia umbellata Beach sand-verbena
Mirabilis californica var. californica Wishbone bush
 
Onagraceae (Evening-primrose)  
Camissonia cheiranthifolia ssp. suffruticosa Beach evening-primrose
C. lewisii  
Epilobium adenocaulon var. holosericeumz Willow-herb
Oenothera elata ssp. hirsutissima Great marsh evening-primrose
 
Paeoniaceae (Peony)  
Paeonia californica California peony
 
Papaveraceae (Poppy)  
Dendromecon rigida ssp. rigida Bush poppy
Eschscholzia californica California poppy
Platystemon californicus Cream cups
Stylomecon heterophylla Wind poppy
 
Plantaginaceae (Plantain)  
Plantago erecta ssp. erecta Dot-seed plantain
* P. lanceolata Ribgrass
* P. major Common plantain
 
Platanaceae (Sycamore)  
+ Platanus racemosa California sycamore
 
Plumbaginaceae (Leadwort)  
Limonium californicum var. mexicanum San Diego rosemary
* L. sinuatum Notchleaf marsh rosemary
 
Polemoniaceae (Pholx)  
Allophyllum glutinosum Blue false-gilia
Eriastrum filifolium Thread-leaf wooly star
Navarretia hamata ssp. hamata Hooked skunkweed
 
Polygonaceae (Buckwheat)  
Chorizanthe procumbens var. procumbens Prostrate spine-flower
C. staticoides Turkish rugging
Eriogonum elongatum Tall buckwheat
E. fasiculatum ssp. fasciculatum California buckwheat
E. gracile Slender buckwheat
+ E. parvifolium Bluff buckwheat
Lastarriaea coriacea Lastarriaea
## Nemacaulis denudata var. denudata Coast wooly-heads
* Polygonum aviculare Yard knotweed
Pterostegia drymarioides Granny's hairnet
* Rumex conglomeratus Whorled dock
* R. crispus Curly dock
 
Portulacaceae (Purslane)  
Calandrinia ciliata var. menziesii Red maids
Claytonia perfoliata var. perfoliata Miner's lettuce
 
Primulaceae (Primrose)  
* Anagallis arvensis var. arvensis Scarlet pimpernel
Dodecatheon clevelandii ssp. clevelandii Shooting star
 
Ranunculaceae (Crowfoot)  
Clematis pauciflora Virgin's bower
Delphinium parryi Maritime larkspur
Thalictrum polycarpum Meadow rue
 
Rhamnaceae (Buckthorn)  
## Adolphia californica California spinebush
## Ceanothus verrucosus Wart-stemmed ceanothus
Rhamnus crocea Buckthorn, redberry
 
Rosaceae (Rose)  
Adenostoma fasciculatum Chamise, greasewood
Cercocarpus minutiflorus San Diego mountain mahogany
Heteromeles arbutifolia Toyon, California holly
Prunus ilicifolia Holly-leaved cherry
Rosa californica California rose
 
Rubiaceae (Madder)  
Galium angustifolium ssp. angustifolium Narrow-leaf bedstraw
* G. aparine Common bedstraw
G. nuttallii ssp. nuttallii Nuttall's bedstraw
 
Rutaceae (Rue)  
Cneoridium dumosum Coast spice bush
 
Salicaceae (Willow)  
Populus fremontii var. fremontii Fremont's cottonwood
* Salix discolor Pussy willow
S. laevigata var. laevigata Red willow
S. lasiandra var. lancifolia Lance-leaf willow
S. lasiolepis var. lasiolepis Arroyo willow
 
Saururaceae (Lizard-tail)  
Anemopsis californica Yerba mansa
 
Scrophulariaceae (Figwort)  
Antirrhinum kelloggii Climbing snapdragon
A. nuttallianum ssp. nuttallianum Nuttall's snapdragon
Castilleja affinis var. affinis Coast paint-brush
C. foliolosa Felt paint-brush
Collinsia heterophylla var. heterophylla Chinese houses
Cordylanthus filifolius Dark-tip bird's beak
Diplacus puniceus Coast monkey flower
Linaria canadensis var. texana Large blue toadflax
Orthocarpus purpurascens var. purpurascens Owl's clover
Pedicularis densiflora Indian warrior
Scrophularia californica var. floribunda California bee plant
* Veronica anagallis-aquatica Speedwell
 
Solanaceae (Nightshade)  
Datura wrightii Jimson weed
Lycium californicum California desert thorn
* Nicotiana glauca Tree tobacco
* Solanum nodiflorum Black nightshade
S. umbelliferum var. glabrescens Blue witch
S. parishii Parish's nightshade
 
Tamaricaceae (Tamarisk)  
* Tamarix parviflora  
 
Tropaeolaceae (Tropaeolum)  
* Tropaeolum majus Garden nasturtium
 
Urticaceae (Nettle)  
Hesperocnide tenella Western nettle
Parietaria hespera var. californica Western pellitory
Urtica dioica ssp. holosericea Hoary nettle
 
Verbenaceae (Vervain)  
Verbena lasiostachys Western vervain
 
Violaceae (Violet)  
Viola pedunculata Johnny-jump-up
 
Vitaceae (Grape)  
+ Vitis girdiana Desert grape



Subclass Monocotyledons (alphabetically)

Agavaceae (Agave)  
+ Agave shawii Coastal agave
Yucca schidigera Mohave yucca
 
Alliaceae (Onion)
Allium praecox Early onion
Bloomeria crocea var. crocea Common goldenstars
Dichelostemma pulchellum Blue dicks
 
Arecaceae (Palm)  
* Phoenix canariensis Canary Island date palm
+ Washingtonia sp.  
 
Cyperaceae (Sedge)  
Carex triquetra Triangular-fruit sedge
Cyperus eragrostis Tall flatsedge
* C. esculentus Nut-grass
Eleocharis acicularis Needle spike sedge
E. acicularis var. montevidensis Donbey's spike sedge
Scirpus acutus Viscid bulrush
S. americanus Olney's bulrush
S. californicus California bulrush
S. maritimus  
 
Iridaceae (Iris)  
Sisyrinchium bellum Blue-eyed grass
 
Juncaceae (Rush)  
## Juncus acutus ssp. leopoldii Southwestern spiny rush
J. arcticus ssp. mexicanus Mexican rush
J. oxymeris Pointed rush
J. rugulosus Wrinkled rush
J. triformis Yosemite dwarf-rush
 
Lemnaceae (Duckweed)  
Lemna minima Least duckweed
 
Liliaceae (Lily)  
* Asparagus officinalis Garden asparagus
Calochortus splendens Splendid mariposa
C. weedii var. weedii Weed's mariposa
Chloragalum parviflorum Wavy-leaf soap-plant
Zigadenus fremontii var. fremontii Fremont's camas
 
Orchidaceae (Orchid)  
Piperia unalascensis Slenderspire piperia
 
Poaceae (Grass) Gramineae
* Agrostis stolonifera var. palustris European redtop
* Arundo donax Giant reed
* Avena barbata Slender wild oat
* A. fatua Wild oat
Bromus carinatus California brome
* B. rubens Foxtail chess
* Cortaderia atacamensis Pampas grass
* Crypsis schoenoides Swamp timothy
Distichlis spicata var. spicata Saltgrass
* Echinochloa crus-galli Common barnyard grass
* Ehrharta calycina  
Koeleria cristata Junegrass
Leptochloa univerva Spangletop
Leymus condensatus Giant wild rye
L. triticoides ssp. triticoides Beardless wild ryegrass
* Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorum Italian ryegrass
Melica imperfecta Coast range melic
Monanthochloe littoralis Shoregrass
Muhlenbergia microsperma Littleseed muhly
* Pennisetum setaceum African fountain grass
* Phalaris aquatica Harding grass
* P. canariensis Mediterranean canary grass
* P. paradoxa var. praemorsa Paradox canary grass
* Polypogon monspeliensis Rabbitfoot beardgrass
Stipa lepida Foothill stipa
S. pulchra Purple stipa
 
Potamogetonaceae (Pondweed)  
Ruppia maritima Breakfruit sea-tassle
 
Typhaceae (Cattail)  
Typha domingensis Tule cattail
T. latifolia Soft flag
† - Wetland taxa potentially at San Elijo, from Mason, 1957; Beauchamp, 1986
# - Endangered endemic, or near-endemic in Welker, 1986
## - "Sensitive" in Anonymous, 1996
* - Introduced species
+ - California native species introduced during revegetation, restoration, other enhancement program, or naturally dispersed but not from naturally occurring populations.
++ - added by Owen Davis 11/01
Published as APPENDIX A, FLORA - SAN ELIJO LAGOON ECOLOGICAL RESERVE. Compiled by: Susan Welker 1986. Current Update 5/92 Sensitive Species Update 11/95. pp. 77-89 IN: Welker, S.T., Patton, R.T. 1995. San Elijo Lagoon Ecological Reserve Biological Element for Master Plan / Management Plan. County of San Diego, Parks and Recreation Department, 5201 Ruffin Road, Suite P, San Diego, CA 92123.
References
Anonymous. 1996. San Elijo Lagoon area enhancement plan. County of San Diego Department of Parks and Recreation. 102 p.
Beauchamp, R. Mitchel 1986. A Flora of San Diego County, California. Sweetwater River Press,
California Native Plant Society 1988. Inventory of rare and endangered vascular plants of California, CNPS Press.
Hitchcock, A.S. 1971. Manual of the grasses of the United States, Dover Press (reprint from 1935).
Jepson, Willis L. 1957. A Manual of the flowering plants of California, University of California Press.
Mason, H.L. 1957. Flora of the marshes of California. University of California Press, Berkeley.
Munz, Philip A. 1974. A Flora of Southern California, University of California Press.
Skinner, M. and B. Pavlik, editors. 1994. Inventory of Rare and Endangered Vascular Plants of California. California Native Plant Society, Special Pub. No. 1, Fifth Edition.