MICROFORAMINIFERA: - Calcareous, unicellular marine organisms,with alternating or spirally-arranged, progressively larger cells (bottom right). The chitinous inner linings of benthic foraminifera are common in pollen preparations of marine or esturine sediment. These chitinous remains vary in their size, the shape and arrangement of the cells, and in their ornamentation. Spiral forms (coiling either direction) are most common, but zig-zag, linear, and other forms also occur (Stancliff, 1989).

References:

• Journal of Foraminiferal Research
  
• Planktonic Foram Atlas from CLIMAP
• Geoscience & Man and Palynology Reference:
• deVernal, Bilodeau, and 'Hillaire-Marcel, 1992,
  Quantitative assessment of carbonate dissolution in marine sediments from foraminifer linings vs. shell ratios: Davis Strait, northwest North Atlantic: Geology, v. 20, p. 527-530.
  
• Leroy S., 1992
  - Palynological evidence of Azolla nilotica Dec. in recent Holocene of the eastern Nile delta and palaeoenvironment. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 1: 43-52.
  
• Loeblich, A.R., Jr. and Tappan, H. 1988.
  Foraminifera genera and their classification (2 vols.) Van Nostrand Reinhold, N.Y.
  
• Medioli and Scott, 1983,
  Testate Arcellaceans of eastern Canada: Cushman Foundation for Formainiferal Research, special publ. 21, 63 p.
  
• Medioli and Scott, 1988,
  Lacustrine thecameobians (mainly Arcellacea) as potential tools for paleolimnilogical studies: Paleo, Paleo, Paleo, v. 62 p. 361-386.
  
• Patterson, R.T. 1987,
  Journal of Foraminieral Research, v. 17, p. 333-343.
  
• Stancliffe, R. P. W. 1989.
  Microforaminiferal linings; their classification, biostratigraphy and paleoecology, with special reference to specimens from British Oxfordian sediments. Micropaleontology, 35(4): 337-352.
  Links:
  
• Introduction to the Foraminifera U Berkeley
• Brian Huber What are Foraminifera
• Kane Scientific Company Foram Models beautiful models!
• National Museum of Natural History SEM images
• Foram References Martin R. Leipzig